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Muna kafa tarihi: Ƙungiyar muhalli ta amince da yin shawarwarin yarjejeniyar robobi ta duniya

Muna kafa tarihi: Ƙungiyar muhalli ta amince da yin shawarwarin yarjejeniyar robobi ta duniya

Yarjejeniyar wani mataki ne da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba na dakile gurbacewar robobi a duniya.Patrizia Heidegger ta aiko da rahoto daga dakin taro na UNEA a Nairobi.

Tashin hankali da tashin hankali a cikin dakin taron suna da kyau.Makonni daya da rabi na tattaunawa mai tsanani, sau da yawa har zuwa safiya, a bayan wakilan.Masu fafutuka da masu fafutuka suna zaune a firgice a kujerunsu.Sun zo birnin Nairobi na kasar Kenya ne a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNEA) karo na 5 don tabbatar da cewa gwamnatoci sun amince da wani kudurin da suka shafe shekaru da dama suna aiki a kai: rubutun ya nuna cewa an kafa wani kwamitin tattaunawa na kasa da kasa (INC) don tsara yadda za a cimma matsaya. bisa doka, yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa don dakile gurbacewar filastik.

A lokacin da shugaban hukumar ta UNEA Bart Espen Eide, ministan muhalli na Norway, ya buge baki tare da ayyana kudurin da aka amince da shi, an yi ta tafi da murna a dakin taron.Tausayi ya mamaye fuskokin wadanda suka yi ta fama da shi, wasu kuwa hawayen farin ciki a idanunsu.

Girman rikicin gurbataccen filastik

Fiye da tan miliyan 460 na robobi ana samar da su a kowace shekara, kashi 99 cikin 100 daga albarkatun mai.Aƙalla tan miliyan 14 suna ƙarewa a cikin tekuna kowace shekara.Filastik yana da kashi 80% na duk tarkacen ruwa.A sakamakon haka, ana kashe dabbobin teku miliyan daya a kowace shekara.An samo microplastics a cikin nau'in ruwa marasa adadi, a cikin jinin mutum da kuma mahaifa a lokacin daukar ciki.Kusan kashi 9% na robobi ne kawai ake sake yin amfani da su kuma adadin samar da kayayyaki na duniya ya ci gaba da karuwa kowace shekara.

Gurbacewar filastik rikicin duniya ne.Kayayyakin filastik suna da wadata duniya da sarƙoƙi masu ƙima.Ana jigilar sharar robobi a cikin nahiyoyi.Littafan ruwa ba su san iyakoki ba.A matsayin abin damuwa ga bil'adama, rikicin filastik yana buƙatar mafita na duniya da gaggawa.

Tun lokacin da aka fara zamanta a shekarar 2014, UNEA ta ci gaba da ganin kiraye-kirayen daukar mataki.An kafa ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ɗimbin ruwan ruwa da microplastics a zamanta na uku.A lokacin UNEA 4 a cikin 2019, ƙungiyoyin muhalli da masu ba da shawara sun matsa kaimi don samun yarjejeniya kan yarjejeniya - kuma gwamnatoci sun kasa yarda.Shekaru uku bayan haka, wa'adin fara shawarwarin babbar nasara ce ga duk masu fafutukar ganin sun gaji.

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A duniya umarni

Kungiyoyin farar hula sun yi ta fafutuka sosai don tabbatar da cewa wa'adin ya dauki salon rayuwa wanda ya kunshi dukkan matakai na samar da robobi, amfani da su, sake yin amfani da su da sarrafa sharar gida.Ƙudurin ya buƙaci yarjejeniyar don inganta samarwa da amfani da robobi mai ɗorewa, gami da ƙirar samfura, da kuma ba da ƙarin haske kan hanyoyin tattalin arziki.Kungiyoyin farar hula sun kuma jaddada cewa dole ne yarjejeniyar ta mayar da hankali kan rage samar da robobi da kuma rigakafin sharar gida, musamman kawar da robobin da ake amfani da su guda daya: sake yin amfani da shi kadai ba zai magance matsalar robobin ba.

Bayan haka, wa'adin ya wuce ra'ayoyin farko na yarjejeniyar da ta shafi sharar ruwa kawai.Irin wannan tsarin zai kasance damar da aka rasa don magance gurɓacewar filastik a cikin kowane yanayi da kuma duk tsawon rayuwar rayuwa.

Yarjejeniyar kuma za ta kauce wa hanyoyin warware rikicin robobi da kore kore, gami da da'awar yaudarar sake yin amfani da su, tushen halittu ko robobin da ba za a iya lalata su ba ko kuma sake amfani da sinadarai.Dole ne ya haɓaka sabbin tsarin sake cikawa da sake amfani da marasa guba.Kuma ya kamata ya haɗa da ma'auni na filastik a matsayin abu da kuma nuna gaskiya, da kuma iyakancewa akan abubuwan haɗari masu haɗari ga robobi don tattalin arzikin madauwari mara guba a duk matakan rayuwa na robobi.

Kudirin ya yi hasashen cewa kwamitin zai fara aikinsa a rabin na biyu na 2022. Nan da shekarar 2024, ana son kammala aikinsa da kuma gabatar da wata yarjejeniya don sanya hannu.Idan an kiyaye wannan lokacin, zai iya zama tattaunawa mafi sauri na babban Yarjejeniyar Muhalli da yawa.

A kan titin (m) don yantar da robobi

Masu fafutuka da masu fafutuka yanzu sun cancanci murnar wannan nasara.Amma da zarar an gama bikin, duk waɗanda ke neman rage gurɓacewar filastik dole ne su yi aiki tuƙuru a cikin shekaru har zuwa 2024: dole ne su yi yaƙi don kayan aiki mai ƙarfi tare da ingantattun hanyoyin aiwatarwa, kayan aikin da zai haifar da muhimmiyar rawa. raguwar samar da robobi a farkon wuri kuma hakan zai hana yawan sharar filastik.

"Wannan wani muhimmin mataki ne na ci gaba, amma dukkanmu muna sane da cewa hanyar samun nasara za ta kasance mai wuyar gaske.Wasu ƙasashe, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga wasu kamfanoni, za su yi ƙoƙarin jinkirtawa, karkatar da hankali ko ɓata tsarin ko harabar don samun sakamako mai rauni.Kamfanonin mai na Petrochemical da burbushin mai na iya yin adawa da shawarwarin iyakance samarwa.Muna kira ga dukkan gwamnatoci da su tabbatar da tattaunawa cikin gaggawa da buri da kuma tabbatar da fitacciyar murya ga kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na muhalli da sauran al'ummomin farar hula," in ji Piotr Barczak, Babban Jami'in Harkokin Sharar Sharar gida da Tattalin Arziki na Turai tare da Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Turai (EEB).

Masu fafutuka kuma za su tabbatar da cewa al’ummomin da robobi suka fi cutar da su sun zauna a teburi: wadanda ke fuskantar gurbatar muhalli daga kayan abinci na robobi da samar da sinadarin petrochemical, ta hanyar zubar da ruwa, wuraren da ake zubar da shara, bude kona robobi, wuraren sake amfani da sinadarai da kuma incinerators;ma'aikata na yau da kullun da na yau da kullun da masu ɗaukar shara tare da sarkar samar da filastik, waɗanda dole ne a ba su garantin daidai kuma yanayin aiki lafiya;da kuma muryoyin mabukaci, ƴan asalin ƙasar da kuma al'ummomin da suka dogara da albarkatun ruwa da kogin da gurbatar robobi da hakar mai suka yi.

“Samun sanin cewa ana buƙatar magance wannan matsalar a duk faɗin sarkar darajar robobi, nasara ce ga ƙungiyoyi da al’ummomin da ke fuskantar laifuffukan masana’antar robobi da labaran karya tsawon shekaru.Ƙungiyarmu a shirye take don ba da gudummawa mai ma'ana ga wannan tsari da kuma taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa yarjejeniyar da aka cimma za ta hana tare da dakatar da gurbatar filastik."


Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-13-2022